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The Enhanced Games: Doping, Records, and the Backlash

Jayden

Analyzes global supply chains, industrial policy, and technology issues.

Published

Key points

  • The first Enhanced Games was held on 24 May 2026 at Resorts World Las Vegas with no drug testing — reportedly 42 athletes from 24 countries across swimming, track and field, and weightlifting, with $250,000 to each event winner and a $1 million bonus for beating a recognized world record.
  • Kristian Gkolomeev's 20.81 in the 50m freestyle was promoted as faster than the world record and paid the bonus, but World Aquatics does not recognize it: the swimmers were on prohibited substances and wore polyurethane suits banned from elite competition since 2010.
  • The result sheet cut against the premise — Fred Kerley won the men's 100 metres in 9.97 having submitted to independent USADA testing beforehand, and Hunter Armstrong and Tristan Evelyn also won without PEDs.
  • The organizers' "safest sporting event in history" framing is a promoter's claim, not a verified finding; the FIMS editorial in the British Journal of Sports Medicine concluded that medical screening alone cannot guarantee athlete safety because many harms appear only after years and evade a single pre-competition blood test.
  • Anti-doping institutions condemned the event almost unanimously, but the response is not monolithic (USADA's Tygart criticized WADA's framing), and the dispute has moved into court while legal scholars argue for shifting liability from athletes to the enterprises that design and profit from the risk.

In May 2026, a swimmer touched the wall in Las Vegas and set off an argument that has been building for three years. Greek sprinter Kristian Gkolomeev clocked 20.81 seconds in the 50-metre freestyle at the inaugural Enhanced Games — a time the organizers immediately promoted as faster than the recognized world record, and one that earned him a $1 million bonus on top of his $250,000 winner's cheque [source: Yahoo Sports, 2026]. There was one catch, and it is the whole story: the swim will never appear in the record books. The Enhanced Games is the first international sporting event built on a single premise — athletes may use performance-enhancing drugs, and no one will test them for it.

That premise has drawn money from Silicon Valley, a roster of Olympic-caliber athletes, and near-unanimous condemnation from the medical and anti-doping worlds. It has also forced a genuinely uncomfortable question into the open: if adults choose to chemically enhance their bodies for sport, who gets to say no, and on what evidence? This is a story with sharp factual claims on every side, so it is worth separating what the organizers assert from what independent evidence actually shows.

In this article

  • What the Enhanced Games actually are
  • Inside the inaugural event
  • The organizers' case: autonomy and "the safest event in history"
  • What the medical evidence says
  • The backlash: anti-doping bodies, athletes, and the courts
  • The bigger question: how, and whether, to regulate enhancement
  • What to watch

What the Enhanced Games actually are

The Enhanced Games was founded in 2023 by Aron D'Souza, an Australian entrepreneur who serves as its president. Its defining feature is the absence of drug testing: unlike Olympic sport, which is governed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) code, the event permits and openly markets the use of performance-enhancing substances, which organizers say must be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and used under medical supervision.

The first edition took place on 24 May 2026 at a purpose-built open-air arena at Resorts World Las Vegas, over the US Memorial Day weekend [source: Yahoo Sports, 2026]. Reports put the field at 42 athletes from 24 countries across three sports — swimming, track and field, and weightlifting — competing for prize money that is unusually direct: $250,000 to each event winner, and a $1 million bonus to anyone who beats an officially recognized world record.

The money behind it

The project is privately funded, and its backers are notable. Seed investors included the venture capitalist Peter Thiel, the technologist Balaji Srinivasan, and the biotech financier Christian Angermayer. In February 2025 a Series B round was co-led by 1789 Capital — a firm associated with Omeed Malik, Chris Buskirk, and Donald Trump Jr. — alongside Angermayer's Apeiron Investment Group and others [source: Enhanced Games, 2025]. The company frames this as a virtue, stressing that it runs "independently of taxpayer money" and pays athletes directly [source: Enhanced Games, 2025]. Those are the company's own characterizations; the round's size was not publicly disclosed.

Inside the inaugural event

The results complicate the marketing more than they confirm it. Gkolomeev's headline swim was real — 20.81 seconds is fast — but World Aquatics, the sport's governing body, does not recognize it. The swimmers competed on prohibited substances and wore high-tech polyurethane suits that have themselves been banned from elite competition since 2010, which means the mark is confounded on at least two fronts and cannot be compared cleanly to a tested, suit-legal record [source: BBC Sport, 2026; source: SCMP, 2026]. The organizers' claim and the ratified record are two different things, and only the first is theirs to make.

The rest of the program cut against the central pitch in a way worth noting. Several of the marquee winners were not enhanced at all. American sprinter Fred Kerley won the men's 100 metres in 9.97 seconds having competed without performance-enhancing drugs, submitting to independent USADA testing beforehand to verify it [source: Yahoo Sports, 2026]. American swimmer Hunter Armstrong won the 100m freestyle and 50m backstroke drug-free, and Barbados sprinter Tristan Evelyn took the women's 100 metres clean. Britain's Ben Proud collected a silver and a butterfly title; Australia's James Magnussen, the first high-profile name to commit to the project, finished last in his 100m freestyle final. In other words, the one record the event could wave was set by an enhanced swimmer in banned equipment, while much of the actual winning was done by athletes who used nothing. The "enhanced" premise did not obviously prove itself on the results sheet.

The organizers' case: autonomy and "the safest event in history"

The Enhanced Games rests its argument on bodily autonomy. D'Souza contends that adults should be free to decide what they put in their own bodies, and that the Olympic movement maintains an exploitative relationship with the athletes it depends on. He has argued that the mainstream system pushes doping into secrecy and danger, and that a supervised, transparent alternative is safer than the status quo. Organizers describe the event as the "safest sporting event in history," saying they pre-screen participants for medical hazards and monitor their health while they compete [source: Fox News, 2025].

These are the promoter's claims, and they should be read as such — a case being made by the party that profits from it, not an independently verified safety finding. The autonomy argument has real force in the abstract: sport already accepts enormous physical risk, and the line between permitted and banned enhancement is genuinely blurry. But "we will supervise" is a promise, and the medical literature is skeptical that supervision can deliver what it implies.

What the medical evidence says

Here the argument leaves marketing and enters research, and the research is not close. The clearest statement comes from the International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), whose editorial in the British Journal of Sports Medicine concluded bluntly that "medical screening as such is not sufficient to guarantee the safety of athletes" [source: British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2024]. The reasoning matters: many side effects of banned substances appear only after years of use and will not show up on a single pre-competition blood test. The editorial cites psychiatric effects associated with anabolic-androgenic steroids, reproductive effects of growth hormone, and a raised risk of liver cancer among the harms that screening cannot pre-empt [source: British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2024].

The broader clinical picture is consistent. Anabolic-androgenic steroids have been associated in the medical literature with high blood pressure, unhealthy cholesterol changes, heart-muscle disease, arrhythmias, heart attacks, and kidney injury — associations observed even in users under 30 [source: NIDA, 2024]. Two cautions belong here. First, much of this evidence is observational: it establishes association, not a clean cause-and-effect dose response, and researchers openly note gaps in understanding how risk scales with dose, age, and sex. Second, that uncertainty cuts against reassurance as much as toward alarm — "we don't fully know the long-term effects at these doses" is not a safety guarantee. The FIMS position also raises an equity concern the marketing rarely addresses: the incentives fall hardest on young, less wealthy athletes who may accept lasting risk in pursuit of a life-changing payout [source: British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2024].

The backlash: anti-doping bodies, athletes, and the courts

The institutional response has been overwhelmingly hostile. WADA condemned the Enhanced Games as "dangerous and irresponsible" in May 2025, warning that it seeks to promote powerful substances for entertainment and marketing, and that participating athletes risk anti-doping rule violations and lasting reputational damage [source: WADA, 2025]. WADA president Witold Banka went further, saying the initiative "seeks to normalize the use of potentially dangerous drugs" and that "for the sake of athlete health and the purity of sport, of course it must be stopped" [source: Associated Press, 2025]. The athletes' commissions of the International Olympic Committee and WADA issued a joint statement calling the concept "a betrayal of everything that we stand for," adding that the substances involved "can have serious long-term health consequences, including death" [source: Inside the Games, 2025].

The picture is not perfectly one-sided, and honesty requires noting the crack in it. USADA chief Travis Tygart — no friend of doping — publicly criticized WADA's framing, arguing that Banka's indignation reflected a misunderstanding of "how free democratic societies and markets work" [source: Associated Press, 2025]. That is a disagreement about jurisdiction and method, not an endorsement of the event, but it shows the anti-doping world is not monolithic about how to respond. The dispute has since moved into court: in August 2025 the Enhanced Games filed a lawsuit touching on antitrust claims, and WADA said it "stands by the firm position it has taken against this ill-conceived event" [source: CNN, 2025].

The bigger question: how, and whether, to regulate enhancement

Strip away the outrage and a harder policy question remains, one that predates this event. Legal scholars have started to treat the Enhanced Games less as a scandal to be shut down and more as a stress test for how sport handles risk. Writing on Stanford Law School's Law and Biosciences blog, Katherine Wu argues that pinning all responsibility on individual athletes "misidentifies the source of the harm," pointing to state-run doping programs in the former East Germany and Russia as evidence that the athlete is often the least powerful actor in the chain [source: Stanford Law School, 2026].

Wu's proposed alternative is instructive precisely because it accepts neither side's absolutism. Rather than pure prohibition or a free-for-all, she suggests shifting liability toward the enterprises — promoters, leagues, sponsors — that design, market, and profit from the risk, borrowing from product-liability law: independent testing, mandatory disclosure, insurance and compensation funds, and strict liability for false safety claims [source: Stanford Law School, 2026]. She also names the inconsistencies the Enhanced Games exploits: anti-doping testing has real problems with false positives and uneven enforcement, and sport already tolerates technological enhancement — the very suits that helped inflate the Vegas swim time — while treating chemical enhancement as categorically different. None of that makes the drugs safe. It does suggest that "just ban it" is a less complete answer than the shouting implies, and that the interesting debate is about who bears the risk and who bears the liability.

What to watch

The first Enhanced Games happened; the harder questions are what comes next. Watch whether the event returns for a second edition and whether its commercial model — private capital, direct athlete payouts, spectacle over sanctioned records — proves durable or fades once the novelty does. Watch the courtroom, where the antitrust dispute could shape how far anti-doping bodies can reach beyond their own sanctioned competitions. Watch whether any regulator picks up the enterprise-responsibility idea, or whether governments simply move to ban the format outright. And watch the athletes: the clearest verdict on the "safest event in history" claim will not come from a press release but from long-term health data on the people who chose to be enhanced — data that, by the medical community's own account, will take years to read. Until then, the sensible posture is the one the evidence supports: treat the organizers' safety claims as unproven, treat the health risks as real if still imprecisely mapped, and keep the marketing and the medicine in separate columns.

Charts

The first edition, as reported

The first edition, as reportedAthletes 42, Countries 24, Sports 3, Individual events 2342Athletes24Countries3Sports23Individual events
Scale figures as reported around the event, drawn from the organizers' own announcements — not an independently audited count. The four bars count different things (people, nations, sports, events), so they are shown together only to convey size, not to be compared with one another.

50-metre swimming marks reported at the first edition (seconds)

50-metre swimming marks reported at the first edition (seconds)50m freestyle, winner (Gkolomeev) 20.81s, 50m freestyle, second (Proud) 20.98s, 50m butterfly, winner (Proud) 22.32s, 50m backstroke, winner (Armstrong) 24.21s20.81s50m freestyle, winner (Gkolomeev)20.98s50m freestyle, second (Proud)22.32s50m butterfly, winner (Proud)24.21s50m backstroke, winner (Armstrong)
Lower is faster. None of these marks is ratified by a governing body: the freestyle swims were done on prohibited substances and in polyurethane suits banned from elite competition since 2010, which is why World Aquatics does not recognize the winning time. Different strokes produce different times, so the bars are not comparable with each other. The backstroke winner competed without performance-enhancing drugs. The 20.81 figure is from BBC Sport and SCMP reporting; the remaining times come from published results tallies, which is why no single source link is attached.

Timeline

  1. Aron D'Souza, an Australian entrepreneur, founds the Enhanced Games and becomes its president. Its defining feature is the absence of drug testing.

  2. The International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) publishes an editorial in the British Journal of Sports Medicine concluding that "medical screening as such is not sufficient to guarantee the safety of athletes," because many side effects appear only after years of use.

    British Journal of Sports Medicine (Pitsiladis et al., FIMS) (opens in a new tab)
  3. A Series B round is co-led by 1789 Capital — a firm associated with Omeed Malik, Chris Buskirk and Donald Trump Jr. — alongside Apeiron Investment Group and others. The size of the round was not publicly disclosed.

    PR Newswire (opens in a new tab)
  4. WADA condemns the Enhanced Games as "dangerous and irresponsible," warning that participating athletes risk anti-doping rule violations and lasting reputational damage.

    WADA (opens in a new tab)
  5. Anti-doping bodies publicly condemn the drug-fuelled event as dangerous.

    AFP via France 24 (opens in a new tab)
  6. WADA president Witold Banka says the initiative "seeks to normalize the use of potentially dangerous drugs" and that "for the sake of athlete health and the purity of sport, of course it must be stopped." USADA chief Travis Tygart publicly criticizes WADA's framing as a misunderstanding of "how free democratic societies and markets work" — a disagreement about method, not an endorsement.

    Associated Press via CBS Sports (opens in a new tab)
  7. The athletes' commissions of the IOC and WADA issue a joint statement calling the concept "a betrayal of everything that we stand for," adding that the substances involved "can have serious long-term health consequences, including death."

    Inside the Games (opens in a new tab)
  8. The Enhanced Games signs Megan Romano, its first female athlete, for the 2026 debut.

    Al Jazeera (opens in a new tab)
  9. The Enhanced Games files a lawsuit touching on antitrust claims; WADA says it "stands by the firm position it has taken against this ill-conceived event."

    CNN (opens in a new tab)
  10. Katherine Wu argues on Stanford Law School's Law and Biosciences blog that pinning all responsibility on individual athletes "misidentifies the source of the harm," and proposes shifting liability toward promoters, leagues and sponsors — independent testing, mandatory disclosure, insurance and compensation funds, and strict liability for false safety claims.

    Stanford Law School (opens in a new tab)
  11. The first Enhanced Games takes place at a purpose-built open-air arena at Resorts World Las Vegas. Gkolomeev's 20.81 in the 50m freestyle earns a $250,000 win and a $1 million bonus, while several marquee titles go to athletes who competed without performance-enhancing drugs.

    Yahoo Sports (opens in a new tab)

Analysis

A record claim and a ratified record are different objects

The organizers can announce a time; only a governing body can enter it in the record books. World Aquatics declined to recognize the 20.81 on two grounds at once — prohibited substances and polyurethane suits banned from elite competition since 2010. That makes the swim confounded rather than merely disputed: even a reader who accepts the drugs cannot compare it cleanly to a suit-legal mark.

The results did not confirm the premise

If chemical enhancement were the decisive variable, the winners' list should show it. Instead the men's 100 metres went to Fred Kerley at 9.97 without PEDs and with independent USADA testing beforehand, Hunter Armstrong won twice drug-free, and Tristan Evelyn took the women's 100 metres clean. The only record the event could wave was set by an enhanced swimmer in banned equipment. One edition is a small sample and proves nothing either way — but it is the organizers' own showcase, and it did not make their case.

"Safest event in history" is a claim, not a finding

Pre-screening and in-competition monitoring are real procedures, but the party describing them profits from the event, and no independently verified safety result has been published. The FIMS editorial is the direct rebuttal: many harms of banned substances surface only after years of use and will not appear on a single pre-competition blood test, so screening cannot deliver what the slogan implies.

Association is not causation — and that cuts both ways

The clinical literature links anabolic-androgenic steroids to high blood pressure, adverse cholesterol changes, heart-muscle disease, arrhythmias, heart attacks and kidney injury, observed even in users under 30. Much of that evidence is observational, so it establishes association rather than a clean dose-response causation. But the same uncertainty that stops the risk from being proven also stops it from being ruled out; not fully knowing the long-term effects at these doses is not a safety guarantee.

The incentive falls hardest on those with the least

The FIMS position raises an equity problem the marketing rarely addresses: a life-changing payout is most persuasive to young, less wealthy athletes, who are therefore the most likely to accept a lasting and imperfectly mapped risk. A prize structure is not neutral — it selects who takes the gamble.

The line between allowed and banned enhancement was already drawn by rule

Sport tolerates technological enhancement and prohibits chemical enhancement, and the suit ban of 2010 shows that even the technological line is a rule someone wrote, not a fact of nature. Noting this does not make the drugs safe. It does explain why "just ban it" answers less than the volume of the argument suggests, and why the sharper question is who bears the risk and who bears the liability.

Comparison

What was claimed, who claimed it, and what is independently established
ClaimWho makes itIndependently established?How to read it
The 20.81 in the 50m freestyle beat the recognized world recordEnhanced Games (organizers)No — World Aquatics does not recognize the markOrganizer claim vs. governing-body ratification: two different things
"The safest sporting event in history"OrganizersNo published independent safety findingPromoter claim; the medical literature says screening alone cannot guarantee safety
Runs "independently of taxpayer money" and pays athletes directlyThe companyRound size was not publicly disclosedCompany characterization, not an audited financial statement
Enhancement produces superior performanceThe event's implicit premiseNot demonstrated at the first editionObservation from the results sheet, not a controlled comparison
42 athletes, 24 countries, three sportsOrganizers, relayed in reportingReported, not independently auditedReported scale — reasonable to cite, not to treat as an audited count
Reported winners at the first edition and their reported drug status — note the row where the reporting simply does not say
EventAthleteReported markPED use, as reported
Men's 50m freestyle (winner)Kristian Gkolomeev20.81 sEnhanced; also wore a polyurethane suit banned from elite competition since 2010
Men's 50m freestyle (second)Ben Proud20.98 sNot stated in the available reporting
Men's 50m butterfly (winner)Ben Proud22.32 sNot stated in the available reporting
Men's 50m backstroke (winner)Hunter Armstrong24.21 sCompeted without PEDs
Men's 100m freestyle (winner)Hunter Armstrong48.09 sCompeted without PEDs
Men's 100 metres (winner)Fred Kerley9.97 sCompeted without PEDs; submitted to independent USADA testing beforehand
Women's 100 metres (winner)Tristan Evelyn11.25 sCompeted without PEDs
Three positions on regulating enhancement
PositionCore claimEvidence tierWhat it leaves unresolved
Prohibition and testing (WADA, IOC and WADA athletes' commissions)The substances can cause serious long-term harm, including death; promoting them for entertainment is irresponsible and must be stoppedInstitutional position supported by medical literature; the harm evidence is largely observationalTesting has false positives and uneven enforcement, and the anti-doping world itself disagrees about method
Full autonomy (Enhanced Games)Adults may decide what goes into their own bodies; supervised, transparent use is safer than clandestine dopingPromoter's argument; the safety half is unverifiedSupervision is a promise, and screening cannot detect harms that take years to appear
Enterprise liability (Katherine Wu, Stanford Law blog)Responsibility should shift to promoters, leagues and sponsors: independent testing, mandatory disclosure, insurance and compensation funds, strict liability for false safety claimsLegal scholarship — a proposal, not adopted regulationNo regulator has taken it up, and it does not settle whether the format should exist at all

Process

  1. Ask who ratified it

    A time announced by the promoter and a time entered by the governing body are different objects. Only the second is a record.

  2. Ask under what conditions it was set

    Drugs, equipment and testing status all travel with a mark. The Vegas swim was confounded on two fronts at once, which is why it cannot be compared cleanly to a tested, suit-legal record.

  3. Ask who benefits from the claim

    Safety statements from the party selling the event are marketing until an independent finding exists. That is a tier judgment, not an accusation.

  4. Check whether the results support the pitch

    The event's own scoreboard is the cheapest available test of its premise. Several marquee titles went to athletes who used nothing.

  5. Separate association from causation

    Observational studies link PEDs to cardiovascular and other harm without establishing a clean dose-response. Report the link as a link — and note that unproven is not the same as disproven.

  6. Separate a proposal from a rule

    Enterprise liability is a legal argument on a university blog, not regulation in force. Adoption, not publication, is what would change who bears the risk.

Sources

  1. WADA — WADA condemns the Enhanced Games as dangerous and irresponsible (2025-05).View source (opens in a new tab)
  2. Associated Press (via CBS Sports) — World Anti-Doping Agency president condemns PED-fueled Enhanced Games: 'It must be stopped' (2025).View source (opens in a new tab)
  3. Inside the Games — WADA, IOC call Enhanced Games 'immoral' (2025).View source (opens in a new tab)
  4. CNN — WADA slams 'ill-conceived' Enhanced Games after being named in lawsuit (2025-08-29).View source (opens in a new tab)
  5. British Journal of Sports Medicine — Pitsiladis et al. (FIMS), 'We want healthy athletes and fair competition' (2024-05-31).View source (opens in a new tab)
  6. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) — Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (2024).View source (opens in a new tab)
  7. Stanford Law School — Analyzing Doping, Enhanced Sport, and Enterprise Responsibility, Katherine Wu (2026-05-22).View source (opens in a new tab)
  8. Yahoo Sports — Enhanced Games results: Gkolomeev breaks world record; Kerley falls short (2026).View source (opens in a new tab)
  9. SCMP — Enhanced Games: Gkolomeev 'beats' 50m freestyle world record at drug-fuelled contest (2026).View source (opens in a new tab)
  10. BBC Sport — Enhanced Games swimmer 'breaks world record' (2026).View source (opens in a new tab)
  11. PR Newswire — 1789 Capital Co-Leads Series B of Enhanced Games (2025-02).View source (opens in a new tab)
  12. Fox News — Enhanced Games founder says steroid-approved event is the future of sports (2025).View source (opens in a new tab)

Tags

  • #enhanced-games
  • #doping
  • #sports-ethics
  • #performance-enhancement
  • #wada