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The Live Music Boom and the Fight Over Ticket Prices

Jayden

Analyzes global supply chains, industrial policy, and technology issues.

Published

Key points

  • The 2025 touring boom reads two ways at once. Pollstar's year-end tally put the top 100 tours at about $8.9 billion in gross, down 6.1% from the record $9.5 billion of 2024 but still 60.8% above 2019, while the average top-100 show grossed more than $2.5 million (up 9.2%) and sold a record 19,104 tickets a night.
  • Live Nation's own disclosures measure something wider and point up: $25.2 billion in full-year 2025 revenue (up 9%), $20.9 billion from concerts, $3.1 billion from Ticketmaster, and 159 million fans across roughly 55,000 shows — the first year more of those fans were outside the United States than inside it.
  • The Oasis on-sale is remembered as a dynamic-pricing scandal, but the CMA said it found no evidence that real-time algorithmic dynamic pricing was used for those stadium shows. What it documented was fixed price tiers plus information that reached fans too late and labels implying some tickets were superior when they were not.
  • All three regulatory interventions target disclosure or structure rather than the price itself. The FTC's all-in pricing rule took effect on 12 May 2025 without banning dynamic pricing or capping any fee; the CMA extracted labeling and notice commitments; and the March 2026 DOJ settlement capped service fees at 15% at Live Nation amphitheaters — down from a reported 27% to 31% — with no breakup and no cap on resale.
  • Artist-led experiments show both the appetite for reform and its ceiling. The Cure made tickets non-transferable and refused dynamic pricing; Zach Bryan routed resale through a face-value-only exchange and said no ticket sold above $156 including fees and tax. Both still work inside ticketing, venue and promotion infrastructure they do not control.

In 2025 the biggest names in music went back on the road at a scale the industry had never sustained before. Beyoncé's "Cowboy Carter Tour" topped the annual charts, Oasis reunited after 16 years, and Coldplay's marathon "Music of the Spheres Tour" became one of the highest-grossing runs ever staged [source: Pollstar, 2025]. Live Nation, the largest promoter in the world, reported record revenue and a record 159 million fans through the gates [source: Live Nation Entertainment, 2026]. And yet the loudest story of the year was not any single show. It was the price of getting in — and the fury, lawsuits, and new rules that followed fans to the checkout page.

That tension is what makes live music worth looking at right now. The concert business is genuinely booming, but the boom has collided with a public that increasingly distrusts how tickets are priced and sold. Regulators in Washington, London, and beyond spent 2025 and early 2026 writing rules, extracting commitments, and settling antitrust claims. To understand where live music is heading, it helps to separate what the numbers actually measure from what the headlines make us feel — and to hear the fan, the artist, and the platform in their own terms.

In this article

  • What the touring numbers actually say
  • Why tickets got so expensive — and so contentious
  • The Oasis flashpoint: perception versus what regulators found
  • Artists caught in the middle
  • How regulators stepped in on three fronts
  • What to watch next

A boom you can measure — and a boom you can feel

What the touring numbers actually say

The headline figures reward a careful read. According to Pollstar's year-end analysis, the top 100 tours worldwide grossed about $8.9 billion in 2025 — down 6.1% from the record $9.5 billion set in 2024, but still 60.8% higher than in 2019, before the pandemic emptied venues [source: Pollstar, 2025]. Global ticket sales among those top tours came in at 67.3 million, a 3.7% dip year over year [source: Pollstar, 2025].

So by two raw measures — total gross and total tickets — 2025 was slightly smaller than 2024. Pollstar titled its review "A Return to Earth" for exactly that reason. But the same data set points up as well as down: the average top-100 tour grossed more than $2.5 million per show, up 9.2%, and averaged 19,104 tickets sold per night, an all-time high [source: Pollstar, 2025]. In plain terms, there were slightly fewer blockbuster tickets sold, but each show was fuller and pricier on average. Coldplay's run alone moved more than 13.1 million tickets and grossed roughly $1.52 billion across 223 shows [source: Pollstar, 2025].

The distinction matters. A drop in a record-breaking total is not a downturn in the way a fan's rising bill is a real cost. Both things are true at once, and conflating them is how "the industry is slowing" and "concerts have never been more expensive" end up in the same sentence without either being examined.

The company view

Live Nation's own disclosures tell a growth story, though they measure something broader than the touring charts. The company reported full-year 2025 revenue of $25.2 billion, up 9%, with its concerts division alone at $20.9 billion, up 10% [source: Live Nation Entertainment, 2026]. Operating income rose 52% to $1.3 billion, and its Ticketmaster unit brought in $3.1 billion [source: Live Nation Entertainment, 2026]. A record 159 million fans attended roughly 55,000 shows, and for the first time more of those fans were outside the United States than inside it [source: Live Nation Entertainment, 2026].

These are company figures, filed with regulators but framed by the company, and they cover promotion, ticketing, and sponsorship — not just the marquee tours Pollstar tallies. That is why Live Nation can post 9% growth in the same year the top-100 gross slipped: they are counting different things. Read together, the picture is a market at or near its peak in raw dollars, still expanding in attendance and average spend, and increasingly global.

Live music versus recorded music

It is worth placing all of this beside the other half of the industry. Global recorded-music revenue — streams, downloads, physical sales — reached $31.7 billion in 2025, its eleventh straight year of growth, with paid streaming subscriptions now past 837 million accounts [source: IFPI, 2026]. Recorded music and live music are different businesses with different economics: one sells near-infinite digital access for a low monthly fee, the other sells a scarce experience on a specific night in a specific room. The live boom is, in large part, a bet that people will pay a premium for the thing that cannot be copied — presence. That scarcity is also exactly what makes ticket pricing so combustible.

Why tickets got so expensive — and so contentious

Dynamic pricing, explained

At the center of the fight is dynamic pricing — a system in which a ticket's price moves in real time with demand, the way airline seats and hotel rooms do. The industry began adopting it around 2015, and it was pitched, at least in part, as an anti-scalping tool [source: The Conversation, 2017]. The logic is straightforward: if a show is wildly underpriced relative to demand, the gap gets captured by resellers on the secondary market. Let the official price float up toward what buyers are actually willing to pay, the argument goes, and the artist and promoter capture that value instead of a scalper.

There is a real economic case here. Many economists note that scalping exists precisely because tickets are underpriced, and that letting the primary price rise can shrink the resale margin and improve how tickets are allocated [source: The Conversation, 2017]. But the counterargument is just as real. Prices that jump unpredictably at the moment of purchase feel less like a market clearing and more like a bait-and-switch, and that erosion of trust is a cost the raw revenue figures do not capture. This is not a settled debate with a right answer; it is a genuine clash between allocative efficiency and consumer fairness.

The fee problem

Layered on top of the base price is a second grievance: fees. Service, convenience, and processing charges have long been added late in the checkout flow, and in some cases they have rivaled or exceeded the ticket itself. When The Cure priced parts of a recent North American tour deliberately low — some seats around $20 — frontman Robert Smith complained publicly that add-on fees sometimes outstripped the face value, and Ticketmaster ultimately refunded a portion of them [source: Rolling Stone, 2023]. Fees are where the gap between an advertised price and a final price becomes most visible, and they became the first target regulators reached for.

The Oasis flashpoint: perception versus what regulators found

No event crystallized the anger like the Oasis reunion. When tickets for the "Oasis Live '25 Tour" went on sale in the UK, many fans who entered the queue expecting a face value near £148.50 watched the cost climb past £350 by the time they reached checkout, while some seats labeled "platinum" sold at up to 2.5 times the standard price with no apparent extra benefit [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025]. Public opinion settled quickly on a villain: dynamic pricing.

The regulatory finding was more nuanced. The UK's Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) opened an investigation in September 2024 and, a year later, secured legally binding commitments from Ticketmaster [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025]. Crucially, the CMA said it found no evidence that real-time algorithmic dynamic pricing had been used for the Oasis stadium shows [source: Music Week, 2025]. What it identified instead was a set of fixed pricing tiers combined with information that reached fans too late and labels that implied some tickets were superior when they were not [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025].

That gap — between what the public remembers as a "dynamic pricing scandal" and what the regulator actually documented — is a useful caution. The felt experience of a price tripling in a queue was real. But the mechanism the CMA verified was tiered pricing and poor disclosure, not an algorithm quietly raising prices as demand surged. Under the September 2025 undertakings, Ticketmaster agreed to stop using misleading superiority labels, to give at least 24 hours' notice when tiered pricing will be used, and to show the full range of prices during the queue and update it as cheaper tiers sell out [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025].

Artists caught in the middle

Between fans and platforms sit the artists, and a handful have tried to bend the system toward affordability. The Cure made its tickets non-transferable, opted out of platinum pricing, and refused dynamic pricing outright; Robert Smith called the practice "a scam that would disappear if every artist said, 'I don't want that!'" [source: Rolling Stone, 2023]. Zach Bryan routed resales through a face-value-only fan-to-fan exchange and later said not a single ticket had sold for more than $156, fees and tax included — while also conceding that "one guy can't change the whole system" [source: Rolling Stone, 2024].

Those experiments reveal both the appetite for reform and its limits. An artist can cap a resale price or decline a pricing feature, but they still operate inside ticketing, venue, and promotion infrastructure they do not control. Popular acts also face genuine excess demand: when far more people want in than a stadium holds, some rationing mechanism — price, lottery, queue, or the resale market — is unavoidable. The artist-led models are less a solved answer than a statement of values, and a demonstration that fan trust is itself something worth protecting.

How regulators stepped in on three fronts

The United States: an all-in pricing rule

The US Federal Trade Commission's Rule on Unfair or Deceptive Fees — widely called the "junk fees" rule — took effect on May 12, 2025 [source: Federal Trade Commission, 2024]. It requires businesses selling live-event tickets and short-term lodging to show the all-in total price up front, including mandatory fees, and to stop hiding charges behind vague labels [source: Federal Trade Commission, 2024]. Notably, the rule does not ban dynamic pricing, nor does it cap any fee; it governs disclosure, not the number itself, and violations can draw penalties above $53,000 each [source: Federal Trade Commission, 2024]. Several analysts cautioned that transparency alone is unlikely to bring ticket prices down — it makes the final price honest, not lower [source: CNBC, 2025].

The United Kingdom: transparency commitments

The CMA's Oasis undertakings, described above, are the UK counterpart: a transparency-first intervention that targets labeling and timing rather than the level of prices [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025]. Ticketmaster agreed to implement the changes within weeks and to report to the regulator for two years [source: Competition and Markets Authority, 2025].

The antitrust front: the DOJ settlement

The most structural challenge came from competition law. In May 2024 the US Department of Justice, joined by dozens of states, sued Live Nation and Ticketmaster, alleging the company had abused a monopoly across promotion, venues, and ticketing, and seeking a breakup [source: U.S. Department of Justice, 2024]. In March 2026 the two sides announced a settlement rather than a court-ordered split [source: NPR, 2026]. Under the terms reported at the time, Live Nation agreed to cap service fees at 15% at the amphitheaters it controls — down from historical levels around 27% to 31% — to let rival platforms sell up to half of the tickets at those venues, to divest 13 amphitheaters, and to pay roughly $280 million to the states, all under eight years of oversight [source: TicketNews, 2026]. What the settlement did not include was a corporate breakup or any cap on resale prices [source: TicketNews, 2026]. As with the disclosure rules, commentators argued the deal is more likely to open competition than to lower the number a fan pays [source: Northeastern University, 2026].

What to watch next

The live-music boom is real, and so is the reckoning over how it is sold. The open question for 2026 and beyond is whether these interventions change behavior or merely relabel it. Watch three things. First, prices: transparency rules make the final cost visible, but nothing in them forces it down, so the test is whether all-in pricing and fee caps actually move what fans pay. Second, competition: if the DOJ settlement genuinely lets rival ticketing platforms into Live Nation venues, the effect on service fees and resale will be the clearest signal that structure, not just disclosure, has shifted. Third, trust: artist-led experiments and the Oasis backlash both suggest that fans now scrutinize the mechanism of a sale, not just the sticker — and an industry that keeps setting attendance records has an unusual incentive to keep that trust intact. The healthiest sign would be a market where a rising number of fans and a falling number of complaints can coexist. Whether that is achievable, or whether the boom simply prices more people out, is the story the next touring season will tell.

Charts

Top-100 tour gross: the record year and the year after

Top-100 tour gross: the record year and the year after2024 (record) 9.5USD billion, 2025 8.9USD billion9.5USD billion2024 (record)8.9USD billion2025
[MEASURED — trade tally] Pollstar's year-end business analysis, published 23 December 2025. The 6.1% decline is from an all-time high, and the same set of tours remained 60.8% above 2019.Pollstar (opens in a new tab)

Live Nation full-year 2025: total revenue and two segments inside it

Live Nation full-year 2025: total revenue and two segments inside itTotal revenue 25.2USD billion, Concerts division 20.9USD billion, Ticketmaster 3.1USD billion25.2USD billionTotal revenue20.9USD billionConcerts division3.1USD billionTicketmaster
[COMPANY-REPORTED] The two segments are components of the total, not additions to it. These figures cover promotion, ticketing and sponsorship — a wider scope than the touring chart above, which is why company revenue can rise in the same year the top-100 gross slips.Live Nation Entertainment (opens in a new tab)

Service fees at Live Nation amphitheaters: reported history against the settlement cap

Service fees at Live Nation amphitheaters: reported history against the settlement capReported historical range — low end 27%, Reported historical range — high end 31%, Settlement cap 15%27%Reported historical range — low end31%Reported historical range — high end15%Settlement cap
[REPORTED — settlement terms] From the terms reported when the DOJ settlement was announced in March 2026. The 27% to 31% figures are the endpoints of a reported range, not a measured series, and 15% is a ceiling the company agreed to, not an observed average.TicketNews (opens in a new tab)

Timeline

  1. The ticketing industry begins adopting dynamic pricing around this point, pitched at least in part as an anti-scalping tool: let the official price float toward what buyers will actually pay, and the artist and promoter capture the value instead of a reseller.

    The Conversation (opens in a new tab)
  2. The Cure deliberately prices parts of a North American tour low, with some seats around $20. Robert Smith says add-on fees sometimes exceeded the face value, and Ticketmaster refunds a portion of them.

    Rolling Stone (opens in a new tab)
  3. Zach Bryan routes resale through a face-value-only fan-to-fan exchange and later says not a single ticket sold for more than $156 including fees and tax — while conceding that one guy cannot change the whole system.

    Rolling Stone (opens in a new tab)
  4. The US Department of Justice, joined by dozens of states, sues Live Nation and Ticketmaster over alleged monopoly abuse across promotion, venues and ticketing, and seeks divestiture of Ticketmaster.

    U.S. Department of Justice complaint (client memo) (opens in a new tab)
  5. The UK's Competition and Markets Authority opens an investigation into Ticketmaster after complaints about the Oasis "Live '25 Tour" on-sale, where fans expecting a face value near £148.50 saw the cost climb past £350 by checkout and "platinum" seats sold at up to 2.5 times the standard price with no apparent extra benefit.

    Competition and Markets Authority (via TicketNews) (opens in a new tab)
  6. The US Federal Trade Commission announces its Rule on Unfair or Deceptive Fees, requiring live-event ticket and short-term lodging sellers to display the all-in total price up front and to stop hiding charges behind vague labels.

    Federal Trade Commission (opens in a new tab)
  7. The FTC rule takes effect. It does not ban dynamic pricing and does not cap any fee — it governs disclosure — and violations can draw penalties above $53,000 each. Analysts note within days that transparency makes a final price honest rather than lower.

    CNBC (opens in a new tab)
  8. The CMA secures legally binding undertakings from Ticketmaster: stop using misleading superiority labels, give at least 24 hours' notice when tiered pricing will be used, and show the full range of prices during the queue, updating it as cheaper tiers sell out. The regulator states it found no evidence of real-time algorithmic dynamic pricing for the Oasis stadium shows.

    Music Week (opens in a new tab)
  9. Pollstar publishes its year-end analysis, "A Return to Earth": top-100 gross about $8.9 billion (down 6.1%), 67.3 million tickets (down 3.7%), average gross per show above $2.5 million (up 9.2%), and a record 19,104 tickets sold per night.

    Pollstar (opens in a new tab)
  10. Live Nation reports full-year 2025 results: $25.2 billion revenue (up 9%), $20.9 billion from concerts, operating income up 52% to $1.3 billion, Ticketmaster at $3.1 billion, and 159 million fans across roughly 55,000 shows — with more fans outside the United States than inside for the first time.

    Live Nation Entertainment (opens in a new tab)
  11. The DOJ and Live Nation announce a settlement instead of a court-ordered split. Reported terms: service fees capped at 15% at company-controlled amphitheaters, rival platforms allowed to sell up to half the tickets at those venues, 13 amphitheaters divested, roughly $280 million paid to the states, and eight years of oversight — with no corporate breakup and no cap on resale prices.

    NPR (opens in a new tab)
  12. Commentators analysing the settlement argue it is more likely to open competition than to lower what a fan pays.

    Northeastern Global News (opens in a new tab)
  13. IFPI's Global Music Report puts 2025 global recorded-music revenue at $31.7 billion, up 6.4% in an eleventh straight year of growth, with paid streaming subscriptions past 837 million accounts — the other half of the industry, on a different economic model.

    IFPI (opens in a new tab)

Analysis

A record can fall while the bill goes up

Both halves of the Pollstar data are true. Top-100 gross fell 6.1% and ticket count fell 3.7%, so 2025 was slightly smaller than 2024 by raw totals. In the same data set the average show grossed more than $2.5 million, up 9.2%, and sold a record 19,104 tickets. Slightly fewer blockbuster tickets moved, but each night was fuller and pricier on average. A dip from an all-time high is not a downturn in the way a rising checkout total is a real cost, and conflating the two is how "the industry is slowing" and "concerts have never been more expensive" end up in one sentence with neither examined.

Two tallies, two scopes — not a contradiction

Pollstar counts the gross of the top 100 tours. Live Nation counts its own revenue across promotion, ticketing and sponsorship. That is why the company can report 9% growth to $25.2 billion in the same year the top-100 gross slips 6.1%. Before treating two numbers as a conflict, the useful question is what each one is a total of. Here they are totals of different things, and one is a trade tally while the other is a company disclosure framed by the company.

What the public remembers is not what the regulator verified

The Oasis on-sale is filed in public memory as a dynamic-pricing scandal. The CMA's finding was narrower and more specific: no evidence of real-time algorithmic dynamic pricing at those stadium shows, but fixed pricing tiers, information reaching fans too late, and "platinum" labels implying a superiority that did not exist. The felt experience of a price tripling in a queue was real. The mechanism behind it was not the one the public named — and the remedies the CMA extracted are aimed at the mechanism it actually documented.

Transparency rules govern the label, not the number

The FTC rule requires the all-in price up front and forbids vague fee labels, with penalties above $53,000 per violation. It does not prohibit dynamic pricing and it does not cap any fee. That is a deliberate design choice, and it sets the limit of what the rule can deliver: a final price that is honest earlier, not a final price that is lower. Analysts said so within a day of it taking effect, and the same caution applies to the CMA undertakings, which target labeling and notice rather than the level of prices.

A settlement that changes structure need not change price

The DOJ case sought a breakup and ended in a settlement that reorganises the market instead: a 15% service-fee ceiling at Live Nation amphitheaters, rival platforms allowed to sell up to half the tickets there, 13 venues divested, about $280 million to the states, eight years of oversight. What it did not include is as informative as what it did — no corporate split, and no cap on resale prices. Opening a venue to competing sellers changes who sells a ticket; whether it changes what the ticket costs is a separate empirical question that the next touring season will answer.

An artist can cap a price but not the infrastructure

The Cure refused dynamic pricing, opted out of platinum tiers and made tickets non-transferable. Zach Bryan capped resale at face value and reported no ticket above $156 including fees and tax. Both were real interventions and both ran into the same wall: artists still sell through ticketing, venue and promotion systems they do not own, and a stadium that many more people want to enter than it holds has to ration entry somehow — by price, lottery, queue or resale. These experiments read less as a solved model than as a statement that fan trust is worth protecting.

Comparison

Three interventions, three targets — and what each explicitly leaves alone
InterventionEffective / announcedWhat it changesWhat it does not do
US — FTC Rule on Unfair or Deceptive Fees ("junk fees" rule)Announced December 2024, effective 12 May 2025Requires the all-in total price up front for live-event tickets and short-term lodging, and bans vague labels such as unexplained convenience or processing fees; violations can draw penalties above $53,000 eachDoes not ban dynamic pricing and does not cap any fee — it regulates disclosure, not the number
UK — CMA undertakings from Ticketmaster after the Oasis on-saleInvestigation opened September 2024, undertakings secured 25 September 2025Removes misleading superiority labels, requires at least 24 hours' notice before tiered pricing is used, and requires the full price range to be shown during the queue and updated as cheaper tiers sell out; implementation within weeks and reporting to the CMA for two yearsDoes not set price levels; secured voluntarily, with no admission of wrongdoing, and the CMA found no evidence of real-time algorithmic dynamic pricing in this case
US — DOJ antitrust settlement with Live Nation and TicketmasterSued 23 May 2024; settlement announced 9 March 2026Caps service fees at 15% at company-controlled amphitheaters (down from a reported 27% to 31%), lets rival platforms sell up to half the tickets at those venues, divests 13 amphitheaters, pays roughly $280 million to the states, and imposes eight years of oversightNo corporate breakup and no cap on resale prices; commentators argued it is more likely to open competition than to lower ticket prices
Which number, whose tally — every headline figure in this article with its tier and producer
FigureValueTierProducer
Top-100 tour gross, 2025About $8.9 billion, down 6.1% from the record $9.5 billion in 2024 and 60.8% above 2019Trade tallyPollstar
Tickets sold across those top tours67.3 million, down 3.7% year over yearTrade tallyPollstar
Average gross per show, top 100More than $2.5 million, up 9.2% — a floor as reported, not an exact averageTrade tallyPollstar
Average tickets sold per show19,104, an all-time highTrade tallyPollstar
Live Nation full-year 2025 revenue$25.2 billion, up 9%; concerts $20.9 billion; Ticketmaster $3.1 billionCompany disclosure, framed by the companyLive Nation Entertainment
Fans and shows159 million fans across roughly 55,000 shows, with more fans outside the US than inside for the first timeCompany disclosureLive Nation Entertainment
Global recorded-music revenue, 2025$31.7 billion, up 6.4%, an eleventh straight year of growth; paid subscriptions past 837 million accountsTrade body tally, shown here only as contrastIFPI
Oasis on-sale pricesFace value expected near £148.50; cost climbed past £350 by checkout; "platinum" seats up to 2.5 times standard priceConsumer complaints documented in a regulatory investigationCompetition and Markets Authority
The ledger: what each side wants, what limits it, and where 2026 leaves it
PartyWhat they wantWhat constrains themWhere 2026 leaves them
FansA low face value, a total price that is visible before checkout, and protection from resale markupsOn the most in-demand shows, far more people want in than the room holds, so entry gets rationed by price, lottery, queue or resale no matter whatAll-in disclosure is now mandatory in the US and the price range must be shown in a UK queue — the number is honest earlier, but nothing forces it down
ArtistsAccessibility and fan trust, with some willing to capture the premium themselves rather than leave it to resellersThey sell through ticketing, venue and promotion infrastructure they do not control; individual opt-outs do not change the defaultThe Cure and Zach Bryan showed the ceiling of a single-artist fix — Bryan himself said one guy cannot change the whole system
Platforms and promotersTo capture excess demand at the primary sale rather than lose it to the secondary market, with fees as a core revenue lineAntitrust exposure, regulatory scrutiny of labeling and disclosure, and a public that now examines the mechanism of a saleA 15% fee cap at Live Nation amphitheaters, rival sellers admitted to up to half those tickets, 13 venues divested, and eight years of oversight — but no breakup

Process

  1. Ask what the total is a total of

    "Top 100 tours" and "one company's revenue" are different universes. A decline in one and growth in the other can both be accurate in the same year.

  2. Separate the trade tally from the company disclosure

    Pollstar and IFPI aggregate an industry; Live Nation reports its own results, filed with regulators but framed by the company. Both belong in the story with the label attached.

  3. Distinguish the felt mechanism from the verified one

    Fans experienced a price tripling in the Oasis queue. The CMA verified tiered pricing and late disclosure, not a real-time algorithm. Name the mechanism the evidence supports.

  4. Check whether a rule targets the disclosure or the price

    The FTC rule mandates all-in display and bans vague labels; it caps nothing. A transparency rule can only be judged by whether the price shown is honest, not by whether it falls.

  5. Ask whether a percentage is a ceiling or an observation

    The 15% service-fee figure is a cap the company agreed to; 27% to 31% is a reported historical range. Neither is a measured average, and neither should be read as one.

  6. Follow the resale channel

    The DOJ settlement includes no cap on resale prices, and artist-led face-value exchanges are voluntary. Where resale is unconstrained, a primary-market fix moves the markup rather than removing it.

Sources

  1. Pollstar — Year-End Business Analysis: A Return to Earth; 2025 Grosses & Ticket Sales (2025-12-23).View source (opens in a new tab)
  2. Live Nation Entertainment — Full Year and Fourth Quarter 2025 Results (2026-02-19).View source (opens in a new tab)
  3. IFPI — Global Music Report 2026: Global Recorded Music Revenues Grow 6.4% (2026).View source (opens in a new tab)
  4. The Conversation — The economics of ticket scalping (2017).View source (opens in a new tab)
  5. Rolling Stone — How the Cure Tried to Fix the Ticketing System for Their Tour (2023).View source (opens in a new tab)
  6. Rolling Stone — Zach Bryan Returns to Ticketmaster: 'One Guy Can't Change the Whole System' (2024).View source (opens in a new tab)
  7. Competition and Markets Authority — Ticketmaster undertakings following the Oasis 'Live '25 Tour' investigation (2025-09-25).View source (opens in a new tab)
  8. Music Week — 'No evidence' of dynamic pricing for Oasis stadium concerts: CMA's verdict on Ticketmaster (2025).View source (opens in a new tab)
  9. Federal Trade Commission — FTC Announces Rule Banning Junk Ticket and Hotel Fees (2024-12); effective 2025-05-12.View source (opens in a new tab)
  10. CNBC — FTC's new rule on ticket prices won't bring costs down, experts say (2025-05-13).View source (opens in a new tab)
  11. U.S. Department of Justice — Complaint, United States v. Live Nation Entertainment and Ticketmaster (2024-05-23).View source (opens in a new tab)
  12. NPR — Live Nation and Justice Department reach settlement in antitrust case (2026-03-09).View source (opens in a new tab)
  13. TicketNews — DOJ–Live Nation Term Sheet Details Open-Ticketing Rules, Venue Divestitures, and Fee Cap — But No Breakup (2026-03).View source (opens in a new tab)
  14. Northeastern University (Northeastern Global News) — Live Nation-Ticketmaster settlement won't lower concert ticket prices (2026-03-16).View source (opens in a new tab)

Tags

  • #live-music
  • #concert-economy
  • #dynamic-pricing
  • #ticketing
  • #touring